The epiglottis is a small flap of tissue that hangs down from the upper part of the back of the throat. It may also become infected sometimes. Epiglottitis is very sudden and can be fatal!

Epiglottitis is caused by bacteria infection of the epiglottis, viruses and fungi. The bacteria that are most commonly involved include Haemophilus influenzae, pneumococcus or Streptococcus. Conditions that cause epiglottitis include infectious, chemical, and traumatic agents. The epiglottis can also be injured by trauma and may swell up in allergic reactions.

Here are some signs and symptoms of epiglottitis. They include sore throat, muffling or changes in the voice, difficulty speaking and difficulty swallowing. As the swelling worsens, there can be difficulty swallowing and drooling can occur. When the epiglottis enlarges enough to compromise the airway, breathing difficulty can develop. The victims may also lean forward to breathe, drool, appear restless and ill and have fever. As breathing becomes more difficult, the tongue is stuck out, the nostrils flared and the skin, nails and lips appear dusky or purple. Lack of oxygen can lead to confusion, agitation, stupor and coma.

In the next post, I will talk about the treatment of epiglottitis and follow ups in treatment.

Sources: http://www.emedicinehealth.com/epiglottitis/page3_em.htm / http://www.myelectronicmd.com/get_reference.php?Id=259